Discussion on Municipal Solid waste Assignment Help

Discuss the sources and beneficial uses of municipal solid waste.

Describe the differences between garbage, rubbish, and trash.

Elaborate on the four characteristics of optimum routing of MSW collection trucks.

Explain the purpose of transfer stations.

Provide two positive and two negative aspects of incinerators.

Describe the purpose of composting.

Discuss four differences between dumps and landfills.

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Municipal Solid waste:

Municipal solid waste is a term used to embrace a vast variety of items that are commonly used and disposed in the real life. For example the used batteries, appliances used to grass clippings, furniture, clothings, bottles, food scraps, newspapers, paints etc all fall in the category of municipal waste.

Sources of Municipal solid waste:

There are several sources of municipal solid waste, some of the most common sources of municipal solid waste include, residential houses and complexes, industrial locations, commercial complexes, institutional locations, Construction and Demolition sites, Municipal sites, treatment plants and sites, agricultural locations, toxic materials and dumping sites, biomedical wastages, agricultural wastages are some of the sources of municipal solid waste in general.

Beneficial uses of Municipal solid waste:

(i) Municipal solid waste consists of every day garbage collected from diverse sources. It is very much possible to do better utilization of municipal solid waste through variety of channels. Some of the typical usages possible with municipal solid waste consist of recycling and reusing the material dumped in the waste. Materials like metal and plastic can be recycled depending on the particular composition. Typically they will be melted and processed for reuse in general (Kumar & Samadder,2017).

(ii) Municipal solid waste can be used for land fill applications where in the natural pits will be filled by using the municipal waste and additionally the land fill gas generated from the land fill can be employed for energy applications and requirements.

(iii) There are several technologies right now available for energy generation from municipal solid waste. Typical techniques like combustion, pyrolysis, gasification and plasma arc gasification techniques are employed for the sake of energy generation from the waste.

(iv) Recycled waste can be employed for making several innovative products like newspapers etc. Each of them is cost effective and eco-friendly too.

Garbage Vs Rubbish Vs Trash

Trash, Garbage and Rubbish are all thrown away materials. However, trash is the material thrown away which may be used for someone later. Garbage is mostly organic substance and is mostly refuse generated from domestic. Garbage is wet substance whereas, Trash is mostly dry, substances like tins, plastics, cans, dry sheets etc after disposal do become trash. All unwanted material that is thrown out is considered as Rubbish. For example, Debris is one such material considered as Rubbish.

Optimum routing of MSW collection trucks:

Some of the key characteristics that need to be considered in optimum routing of the MSW collection trucks include making the time minimized so that the total time it take for the travel will get minimized, the cost of the transport need to be minimized, further the distance it covers in the route need to be minimized for obvious reasons (Sulemana et al.,2018). Also, during the entire process of routing, the MSW routing trucks need to be accustomable for the route. The size of the pathway need to adequate to allow the truck to pass through. These are the key characteristics while working for optimizing the routing for MSW collection trucks(Das & Bhattacharyya,2015).

Purpose of the transfer stations:

Transfer stations are the locations where in the waste collected from several transfer vehicles will be collected into a large transfer trailer or the box.

Incinerators

Merits:

(i) Incinerators can burn large quantities of waste from a given location. It is possible to eliminate large quantities of waste in less time using incinerators. Dependence on landfills can be eliminated considerably using incinerators.

(ii) The cost of transportation can be considerably reduced using the incinerators in general.

(iii) Energy will be yielded as by-product and also there won't be any ground water contamination by incinerator applications (Makarichi et al.,2018).

DeMerits

(i) Incinerator is an expensive technology to install.

(ii) Further the pollution and the ash that will be obtained during the incinerator will be too high and it is difficult to eliminate the same.

(iii) Long term problems will be very common in using the incinerators (Rhyner et al.,2017).

Composting

Composting works to improve the soil structure. Composting work on let the soil hold the moisture, nutritients, air. Also it will work for neutral pH in the soil. Composting will work on to feed the earth worms and other useful microbials in the soil.

Dumps Vs landfills:

(i) Dump is relatively small excavated size of land hole used for the waste collection requirements. Landfill is relatively or larger size and will be monitored by government unlike dumps.

(ii) Dump will not have provisions for leachate and treatment system, whereas landfill does have provisions for the same.

(iii) Landfillls will be provided with the liners for the collection of the seepage collected from the dumps located in the landfills. Whereas dumps will not be having any such provisions.

(iv) Landfills will be having covers whereas dumps will not have the same. Landfills after some time will yield toxic gases into the atmosphere, whereas the dumps do not yield so.

Solution to the problems)

(i) The total number of people in the site, 20,000 people.

The amount of MSW generated per day 5 pounds per day.

MSW generated per year = 20000 * 5 * 365 = 36500000 pounds per year.

(ii) The given landfill volume is 300,000 cubic metres per year

The average fill depth of the landfill is 15 m

Hence the areas required is 300,000/15 = 20,000 square meters of area.

So the area required per year of the land fill dumping = 20,000 square meters.

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